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UCP Gujranwala

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Robotics • Arduino • Autonomous Systems

Smart Hospital Patient TransportLifeLine Robot

LifeLine Robot is an autonomous robot designed to transport patients safely inside hospitals. It follows a predefined black line and detects obstacles in its path using sensors, reducing human effort, saving time during emergencies, and improving hospital efficiency and patient care.

LifeLine Robot 1
LifeLine Robot 2
LifeLine Robot 3
LifeLine Robot 4
LifeLine Robot 5

The Builders

Meet the Team

Three engineers who built a line-following robot to move patients safely across the ward.

SB

Sabeen

MH

Maheen

ZB

Zainab

Domain: Robotics  •  Supervisor: Professor Athar Mehmood

Project Overview

In hospitals, patients are often transported manually using stretchers or wheelchairs, which requires staff and causes delays during emergencies. LifeLine Robot is a line-following robot that carries a patient model on a stretcher platform, following a black line using IR sensors and detecting obstacles with an ultrasonic sensor. When an obstacle is detected, the robot stops to avoid collision.

Objectives

  • Design and Develop an Autonomous Patient Transport Robot
  • Implement Line Following Using IR Sensors
  • Detect Obstacles Using Ultrasonic Sensor to Prevent Collisions
  • Transport Patient Model Safely to the Emergency Ward
  • Reduce Manual Effort and Improve Hospital Efficiency

Key Features

  • Autonomous Operation on Predefined Path
  • IR Sensor-Based Line Following
  • Ultrasonic Obstacle Detection
  • Stretcher-Platform Patient Transport
  • Automatic Stop for Safe & Reliable Operation
  • Low Cost & Efficient Build

Technologies & Hardware

#Arduino Nano#L298N Motor Driver#HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor#IR Line Sensors#DC Gear Motors#18650 Batteries

Specifications

MicrocontrollerArduino Nano
Motor DriverL298N
Motors4 x DC Gear Motors
Sensors2 x IR Line Sensors, 1 x Ultrasonic Sensor (HC-SR04)
Power Supply2 x 18650 Batteries (7.4V)
Line Detection Range0 – 3 cm
Obstacle Detection Range2 cm – 200 cm
Robot Dimensions30 (L) x 20 (W) x 15 (H) cm

Future Enhancements

  • AI-Based Navigation
  • Automatic Obstacle Avoidance
  • Wi-Fi / Bluetooth Control
  • Patient Health Monitoring
  • Voice Command Control
  • Integration with Hospital Systems

Impact

LifeLine Robot demonstrates how low-cost Arduino hardware, embedded programming, and sensor integration can be combined to create an intelligent patient transport solution. By automating line following and obstacle avoidance, it reduces workload on hospital staff, speeds up emergency transport, and improves safety for patients moving between wards, applicable across hospitals, emergency wards, rehabilitation centers, nursing homes, and other medical institutes.